نشریه خانواده و بهداشت
سال دهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 25، پاییز 1399)

Forgiveness has an important role in marital life and improving the quality of family interactions. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of training based on forgiveness on quality of life and psychological well-being in women with marital conflict.

This study was a quasi-experimental pretest - posttest with control group. The study population was consisted of all Tehran city women with marital conflict in 2018. The sample consisted of 30 (15 for each group) women with marital conflict that were selected by as a voluntary and randomly recruits to each of groups. Then, the participants in the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of 90 min of forgiveness training, while the control group did not receive any therapy. Instruments for gathering data were WHO quality of life questionnaire (1993) and Ryff's psychological Well-being scale (2002). Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as MANCOVA.

The results indicate that the forgiveness training had significant impact on quality of life and some dimensions such as psychological and general health. Furthermore, results showed that forgiveness training had significant impact on psychological well-being and its subscales such a personal growth, positive communication with others and self-acceptance.

Based on the findings of this study, forgiveness training improves psychological well-being and quality of life among women with marital conflict and could be used as an effective interventional method.

The current study aims to determine the difference between mindfulness, logotherpy and behavioral activation treatment on negative automatic thoughts and depressed female students' attention.

The method was quasi-experimental with pre-test design, post-test and procedure with a control group. The population in the current study including female students in B.A who referred to Omid-e-Mehr consulting center in 1398 upon a call and 60 participants were selected by sampling and divided into 4 groups based on homogenization. The participants responded to Beck Depression Inventory (1961), Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire by Hollon and Kendall (1980) and D2 Test Attention by Brickenkamp (1981) in three stages of Pre-test, post-test and procedure. The experimental groups received 8 sessions of mindfulness treatment, 10 sessions of logotherapy and 10 sessions for behavioral treatment. To analyze the data, mixed analysis, SPSS software and the significance of 0/05 were exploited.

In the current study, the effect of interventions on negative automatic thoughts was reduced (P= 0/001). Time effect caused a reduction in negative automatic thoughts to the pretest stage (P= 0/001). The interaction effect of time among the groups made an alleviation in negative automatic thoughts (P= 0/001) compared with the experimental group. Interventions had a rising effect on attention (P= 0/001). Time effect caused a rise in attention to the pretest stage (P= 0/001). The interaction effect of time among the groups increased the attention (P= 0/001) compared with the experimental group.

It was indicated that all three approaches of mindfulness treatment, logotherapy and behavioral activation treatment are effective by targeting one aspect of depression on negative automatic thoughts and attention in depressed females.

Paying attention to the education of slow-moving children, expanding information and awareness, and increasing parents' sense of responsibility towards these children are among the most important ways to increase their social interaction. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of parenting program education on social interaction of slow-moving children in Tehran..

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest and control group design. The research sample was 34 mothers of slow-moving children in the age range of 6 to 8 years in the academic year 1397-98 who were selected by simple random sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group participated in 12 sessions of parenting program training (2 sessions per week; each session lasted 60 minutes) while the control group was not provided with this training. The instrument used in this study was the social interaction questionnaire of Dadkhah et al. (1998). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance and SPSS software version 23.

The results showed that parenting program training had a significant and positive effect on the social interaction of children with intellectual disability (P<0.001).

The parenting program is related to subjective well-being and individual’s affective experiences, and that it influences cognitive processes as well as social relationships. Therefore, at seems that training of this program important role play in social interaction of children with intellectual disability.

Patients with multiple sclerosis usually experience a wide range of psychological problems. This study aimed to investigate the role of irrational beliefs and dysfunctional attitudes in prediction of health hardiness in women with multiple sclerosis.

This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population consisted of all women with multiple sclerosis who referring to the Iranian Multiple Sclerosis Association in 2017. 120 patients were selected by the available sampling method. Instruments for gathering data were Irrational beliefs questionnaire (Jones, 1986), dysfunctional attitude scale (Weissman & Beck, 1978) and Health Hardiness Inventory (Gebhardt et al., 2001). Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical tests such as the Pearson correlation coefficient and Regression Analysis.

Results showed that irrational beliefs and dysfunctional attitudes have a negative and significant relationship with health in women with multiple sclerosis. Also, the results of the regression analysis indicated that irrational beliefs and dysfunctional attitudes significantly predicted 24 percent of variances in health hardiness.

It seems that designing training interventions based on irrational beliefs and dysfunctional attitudes can increase the probability of health hardiness among women with multiple sclerosis.

Diabetes can adversely affect reproductive health in many ways. What doubles the importance of attention to this disease, especially in our country, is the growing trend of diabetics, especially in recent years. Often, women in their 20s and 40s, at the peak of their reproductive activity, are affected by the severity of the disease, and since one of the most important concerns of women with diabetes is sexual function, this study aimed to determine the impact Couple counseling intervention based on BETTER model on sexual function (sexual fatigue, sexual desire, sexual orientation, sexual dysfunction) in women with type 1 diabetes.

The present study was a quantitative randomized clinical trial study with RCT control group. The study population consisted of all married women with type 1 diabetes in the city of Hamadan who had a history of diabetes in the community. Forty individuals were randomly selected and divided into two experimental and control groups. FSFI, FSS, Holbert HISD Sexual Desire Questionnaire, and Holbert HISA Sexual Abuse Questionnaire were answered pre-test, 2 and 3 months after the intervention and intervention group; Minutes were trained according to the BETTER model and the control group was not trained during this period, An analysis of the findings of the quantitative study of descriptive statistics, frequency tables were used for providing information. Depending on the type of data, chi-square and -test Independent t tests were used to examine groups in terms of demographic variables, midwifery history and clinical characteristics of type 1 diabetes. Repeated measures test was used to evaluate the sexual function and satisfaction of the two groups at different times during the study. Analyzes were performed with Intention to treat and significance level P <0.05, using SPSS software version 25.

The results showed that couple counseling based on BETTER model was effective on sexual function (sexual fatigue, sexual desire, sexual orientation, failure in sexual intercourse) and this effect retained its effect for 3 months after intervention.

Based on the findings of this study, the couples counseling model based on the BETTER model has been effective in significantly increasing the sexual function of these women and considering their poor quality of life, it is suggested to use this training in diabetes support associations as well. In addition to the interventions of the present study, psychosocial and multidisciplinary interventions with a larger sample size should be considered.

Sex education is one of the important educational aspects of children that plays an important role in the development of human personality and has a great impact on his thoughts, feelings, emotions and behaviors. This shows the increasing need of families for knowledge and awareness in this area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of sexual education training program for children with mothers of children aged 3 to 6 years.

The research design of this study was quasi-experimental (pre-test-post-test with control group) and the statistical population of this study was all mothers with 3- to 6-year-old children in Tehran in 2016-2017. They were selected by available sampling method and considering the entry and exit criteria and were randomly placed in groups. The instruments of this study were the "Researcher" (1399) and the GHQ Mental Health Questionnaire (for screening mothers). In the experimental group, a sexual education training package (researcher-made) was taught. After the training, post-test was followed from both groups and 2 months later.

The results of repeated measures analysis showed that sex education (for mothers) on the change of mothers' attitudes toward sexual education of 3- to 6-year-old children with an effect size of Eta: 0.853 was obtained.

The results of this study show that the education package of children's sexual education is effective on mothers 'attitudes and leads to improving mothers' attitudes in this area.

Activity in virtual spaces is on the rise and have substantial impact on family performance. This study aimed to study and reviewing of the impact of presence and activity in virtual spaces on conducting family roles.

This study was a correlational – descriptive design. The study population was consisted of all married teachers of Tehran city (district 2) in 2018. 343 married teachers were selected by cluster sampling methods in this research. Instruments for gathering data were the family functioning questionnaire (Epstein, Baldwin & Bishop, 1983) and researcher-made questionnaire for presence and activity in virtual spaces. Data were analyzed using SPSS.v21 software and statistical tests such as regression analysis.

The results of analysis showed that presence and activity in virtual spaces has negative impact on parent’s problem solving, roles, affective involvement, behavior control, general functioning and total score of family functioning scale. But, presence and activity in virtual spaces has not impact on dimension of communication and affective responsiveness.

With regards to findings, it seems that parent’s presence and activity in vitrul spaces has important role on their family functioning. Applying the findings was discussed theoretical and practical.

Motivation for academic achievement is of particular importance and has a significant impact on students' academic achievement. The aim of this study was to predict students' academic motivation based on social support, hope and resilience.

The study method was a descriptive correlational type and the statistic population of this study consisted of all Students from Islamic Azad University of Tehran units in the academic year 2016-2017 which 315 of them were selected by multi-stage sampling method. The study tools were Academic Motivation Scale; Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support; Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Adult Hope Scale. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression were used to analyze the data.

The results of this study showed that the regression coefficient between hope and internal academic motivation (P<0.01, β=0.180) was positive and significant at the level of 0.01. Also, the regression coefficient between resilience and internal academic motivation (P<0.01, β=0.219) was positive and at a significant level of 0.01, and the regression coefficient between resilience and academic motivation (P <0.01, β=-0.300) was negative and significant at the level of 0.01. Among the components of perceived social support, family support (P<0.01, β=0.283) and friends' support (P<0.01, β=0.166) positively and significantly at the level of 0.01 were predictor of internal academic motivation. Among the components of perceived social support, only family support predicted academic motivation positively (P<0.05, β=0.151) and academic motivation negatively (P<0.05, β=0.134) at the significant level of 0.05.

Based on the results of the present study, the effective factors on students' academic motivation should be identified and eliminated in order to facilitate their success and academic achievement by increasing these factors.

Women heads of households are among vulnerable groups in society who experience increasing tension and stress due to the acceptance of more responsibility for managing life affairs. In addition, these individuals are more prone to physical diseases and psychological disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of compassionfocused therapy (CFT) on the decrease of stress and regulation of emotion in women heads of households in Ilam, Iran.

This quasi-experiment was performed on 30 women heads of households covered by Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation who were selected randomly based on the inclusion criteria and divided randomly into two groups of test and control (15 subjects per group). In the test group, the participants attended eight 90-minute CFT sessions, and data were collected using a perceived stress and emotion regulation questionnaire, which was filled by the subjects in three stages of the pretest, immediately after the intervention, and two months after the program. Moreover, data analysis was performed in SPSS version 25.

In this study, significant changes were observed in the decrease of perceived stress and aspects of emotion regulation in the test group after the intervention (P<0.05). Two months after the intervention, changes caused by training were sustainable and the mean scores of perceived stress and dimensions of emotion regulation were significantly different in the test group, compared to before the intervention (P<0.05).

According to the results of the study, the CFT method could be used to decrease stress in women heads of households and regulate their emotions. Therefore, it could be concluded that the mentioned intervention was effective in decreasing perceived stress and regulating emotions.